Thailand Demographics

Population of Thailand (2025)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Thailand

Thailand Population
71,619,863
see live
Yearly Change
−0.07%
Global Share
0.87%
Global Rank
20

Median Age

The median age in Thailand is 40.6 years (2025).

Fertility in Thailand

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.2
(Live Births per Woman, 2025)

Life Expectancy in Thailand

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
76.8
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
81.2
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
72.6
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Thailand


Infant Mortality
7.8
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
9.8
(per 1,000 live births)


Thailand Urban Population

Currently, 53.5% of the population of Thailand is urban (38,343,775 people in 2025)


Population Density

The 2025 population density in Thailand is 140 people per Km2 (363 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 510,890 Km2 (197,256 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Thailand

# City Population
1 Bangkok 5,104,476
2 Samut Prakan 388,920
3 Mueang Nonthaburi 254,375
4 Chon Buri 219,164
5 Hat Yai 191,696
6 Pak Kret 182,926
7 Si Racha 178,916
8 Phra Pradaeng 171,333
9 Lampang 156,139
10 Surat Thani 132,040
11 Udon Thani 130,531
12 Chiang Mai 127,240
13 Nakhon Ratchasima 126,391
14 Ubon Ratchathani 122,533
15 Phasi Charoen 122,070
16 Pattaya 119,532
17 Khlong Luang 118,551
18 Nakhon Pathom 117,927
19 Khon Kaen 114,459
20 Rayong 106,737
21 Nakhon Si Thammarat 102,152
22 Chanthaburi 99,819
23 Yala 93,558
24 Ratchaburi 92,448
25 Ban Mai 86,899
26 Nakhon Sawan 82,305
27 Phuket 79,308
28 Chiang Rai 78,756
29 Bang Kruai 78,305
30 Sakon Nakhon 76,237

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.