Taiwan Demographics

Population of Taiwan (2025)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Taiwan

Taiwan Population
23,112,793
see live
Yearly Change
−0.44%
Global Share
0.28%
Global Rank
61

Median Age

The median age in Taiwan is 44.8 years (2025).

Fertility in Taiwan

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
0.9
(Live Births per Woman, 2025)

Life Expectancy in Taiwan

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
80.9
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
83.9
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
78.1
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Taiwan


Infant Mortality
3.0
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
4.2
(per 1,000 live births)


Taiwan Urban Population

Currently, 84% of the population of Taiwan is urban (19,421,267 people in 2025)


Population Density

The 2025 population density in Taiwan is 653 people per Km2 (1,691 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 35,410 Km2 (13,672 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Taiwan

# City Population
1 Taipei 7,871,900
2 Kaohsiung 1,519,711
3 Taichung 1,040,725
4 Tainan 771,235
5 Banqiao 543,342
6 Hsinchu 404,109
7 Taoyuan City 402,014
8 Keelung 397,515
9 Hualien City 350,468
10 Neihu 271,594
11 Yongkang 233,730
12 Bade 209,148
13 Xizhi 204,619
14 Shulin 180,044
15 Yuanlin 124,725
16 Sanxia 115,185
17 Nantou 105,682
18 Douliu 104,723
19 Daxi 94,222
20 Yilan 94,188
21 Yingge 87,920
22 Puli 86,406
23 Wufeng 65,567
24 Magong 56,435
25 Donggang 47,746
26 Jincheng 37,507
27 Hengchun 31,288
28 Zhongxing New Village 25,549
29 Sanzhi 23,452
30 Lugu 17,746

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.