Sudan Demographics

Population of Sudan (2025)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Sudan

Sudan Population
51,662,147
see live
Yearly Change
+2.4%
Global Share
0.63%
Global Rank
30

Median Age

The median age in Sudan is 18.5 years (2025).

Fertility in Sudan

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
4.2
(Live Births per Woman, 2025)

Life Expectancy in Sudan

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
66.7
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
70.0
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
63.6
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Sudan


Infant Mortality
36.6
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
52.0
(per 1,000 live births)


Sudan Urban Population

Currently, 35.3% of the population of Sudan is urban (18,220,482 people in 2025)


Population Density

The 2025 population density in Sudan is 29 people per Km2 (76 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 1,765,048 Km2 (681,489 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Sudan

# City Population
1 Khartoum 1,974,647
2 Omdurman 1,200,000
3 Nyala 565,734
4 Port Sudan 489,725
5 Kassala 401,477
6 El Obeid 393,311
7 Al Qadarif 363,945
8 Kosti 345,068
9 Wad Medani 332,714
10 El Daein 264,734
11 El Fasher 252,609
12 Singa 250,000
13 Ad-Damazin 186,051
14 Geneina 162,981
15 Rabak 135,281
16 Sinnar 130,122
17 Al Manaqil 128,297
18 Gereida 120,000
19 An Nuhud 108,008
20 Atbara 107,930
21 Ed Damer 103,941
22 Kadugli 87,666
23 Ad Douiem 87,068
24 Umm Ruwaba 55,742
25 Shendi 53,568
26 Dilling 37,113
27 As Suki 33,524
28 Ar Ruseris 28,862
29 Al Hasaheisa 28,735
30 Maiurno 28,727

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.