Kazakhstan Demographics

Population of Kazakhstan (2025)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan Population
20,843,754
see live
Yearly Change
+1.22%
Global Share
0.25%
Global Rank
65

Median Age

The median age in Kazakhstan is 29.7 years (2025).

Fertility in Kazakhstan

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
3.0
(Live Births per Woman, 2025)

Life Expectancy in Kazakhstan

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
74.7
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
78.6
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
70.4
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Kazakhstan


Infant Mortality
6.5
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
7.7
(per 1,000 live births)


Kazakhstan Urban Population

Currently, 55.1% of the population of Kazakhstan is urban (11,494,249 people in 2025)


Population Density

The 2025 population density in Kazakhstan is 8 people per Km2 (20 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 2,699,700 Km2 (1,042,360 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Kazakhstan

# City Population
1 Almaty 1,977,011
2 Shymkent 1,200,000
3 Aktobe 500,757
4 Karagandy 497,777
5 Taraz 358,153
6 Kyzylorda 354,800
7 Astana 345,604
8 Oral 330,000
9 Pavlodar 329,002
10 Ust-Kamenogorsk 319,067
11 Semey 292,780
12 Atyrau 290,700
13 Turkestan 227,098
14 Kostanay 210,000
15 Petropavl 200,920
16 Temirtau 170,600
17 Kokshetau 150,649
18 Shevchenko 147,443
19 Rudnyy 124,000
20 Ekibastuz 121,470
21 Taldykorgan 116,558
22 Zhezqazghan 104,357
23 Zhanaozen 103,598
24 Balqash 81,364
25 Sarqant 76,919
26 Baikonur 70,000
27 Kentau 57,408
28 Ridder 52,664
29 Qulsary 51,216
30 Shchuchinsk 47,290

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.