Germany Demographics

Population of Germany (2025)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Germany

Germany Population
84,075,075
see live
Yearly Change
−0.56%
Global Share
1.02%
Global Rank
19

Median Age

The median age in Germany is 45.5 years (2025).

Fertility in Germany

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.5
(Live Births per Woman, 2025)

Life Expectancy in Germany

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
81.7
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
84.0
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
79.4
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Germany


Infant Mortality
2.7
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
3.3
(per 1,000 live births)


Germany Urban Population

Currently, 76.5% of the population of Germany is urban (64,345,635 people in 2025)


Population Density

The 2025 population density in Germany is 241 people per Km2 (625 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 348,560 Km2 (134,580 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Germany

# City Population
1 Berlin 3,426,354
2 Hamburg 1,845,229
3 Munich 1,260,391
4 Koeln 963,395
5 Frankfurt am Main 650,000
6 Stuttgart 630,305
7 Duesseldorf 620,523
8 Grosszschocher 597,493
9 Kleinzschocher 597,493
10 Essen 593,085
11 Dortmund 588,462
12 Dresden 556,227
13 Bremen 546,501
14 Nuernberg 515,543
15 Hannover 515,140
16 Leipzig 504,971
17 Duisburg 504,358
18 Wandsbek 411,422
19 Bochum 385,729
20 Bochum-Hordel 380,000
21 Wuppertal 360,797
22 Bielefeld 331,906
23 Bonn 330,579
24 Hamburg-Nord 315,514
25 Mannheim 307,960
26 Hamburg-Mitte 301,231
27 Marienthal 287,101
28 Karlsruhe 283,799
29 Wiesbaden 278,609
30 Muenster 270,184

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.