Australia Demographics

Population of Australia (2025)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Australia

Australia Population
26,974,026
see live
Yearly Change
+0.98%
Global Share
0.33%
Global Rank
55

Median Age

The median age in Australia is 38.3 years (2025).

Fertility in Australia

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.6
(Live Births per Woman, 2025)

Life Expectancy in Australia

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
84.2
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
86.0
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
82.4
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Australia


Infant Mortality
2.6
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
3.1
(per 1,000 live births)


Australia Urban Population

Currently, 86.5% of the population of Australia is urban (23,335,357 people in 2025)


Population Density

The 2025 population density in Australia is 4 people per Km2 (9 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 7,682,300 Km2 (2,966,151 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Australia

# City Population
1 Sydney 5,231,147
2 Melbourne 4,917,750
3 Brisbane 2,582,007
4 Perth 2,192,229
5 Adelaide 1,387,290
6 Gold Coast 640,778
7 Canberra 367,752
8 Newcastle 348,539
9 Logan City 326,615
10 Wollongong 280,153
11 Geelong 268,984
12 Hobart 247,086
13 Townsville 180,820
14 Cairns 153,075
15 Darwin 147,255
16 Toowoomba 140,303
17 Mackay 123,183
18 Ballarat 116,201
19 Mandurah 107,641
20 Bendigo 103,034
21 Launceston 87,345
22 Rockhampton 78,592
23 Bunbury 76,452
24 Maitland 67,132
25 Point Cook 66,781
26 Craigieburn 65,178
27 Tamworth 63,920
28 Adelaide Hills 60,394
29 Melbourne City Centre 60,057
30 Tarneit 56,370

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.